The chief culprit was services, which soared 8.8 percent after only 1.0 percent in December as 'natural monopoly' charges were jacked up in the New Year.
"It's clearly higher than we expected. And the main reason again is services," said Peter Westin, chief economist at Aton brokerage in Moscow.
With annual inflation running at 12.7 percent, and the government already spending $4 billion to placate pensioners angered by a bungled welfare reform, prices will be hard to bring back under control.
Russia's authorities would have to allow the rouble to rise strongly on foreign exchange markets to do so, said economists.